The Kashi Anathalaya Association was formed by a few philanthropists and eminent citizens of Varanasi. The foundation stone was laid by the then Vicereine of India, Lady Irwin, in 1927, with the noble aim of providing care and shelter to the destitute and orphan children of Varanasi.

This pioneering work of the Association, which began with the objective of looking after the physical needs of the deprived children, gradually evolved into an educational institution. It was named Vanita Vishram Shishu Mandir in 1970. In 1983, Vanita Vishram English School was established. Later, in 1997, both schools were merged and renamed Vanita Public School. In 2003, the school was affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi, vide Code No. 2130535.